Diagnostic report — sample
Illustration1. What you reported
A yellowish stain, about 12 inches across, on the hallway ceiling. It appeared a few weeks ago and looks darker after someone showers upstairs.
2. What the eye sees, and what the camera sees
3. Moisture readings
Reading rule: the baseline is a dry area of the same material, measured on the same visit. A point counts as wet when it reads 3 or more above its baseline. The same rule is used on every return visit, so readings can be compared.
| Point | Where | Reading | Dry baseline | Difference | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hallway ceiling (drywall) — baseline 14: dry ceiling in the same hallway, about 10 ft away | |||||
| P1 | Center of the stain | 31 | 14 | +17 | Wet |
| P2 | 12 in from the stain, toward the bathroom wall | 27 | 14 | +13 | Wet |
| P3 | 2 ft toward the bathroom wall, at the ceiling edge | 22 | 14 | +8 | Wet |
| P4 | 12 in from the stain, away from the wall | 16 | 14 | +2 | Dry |
| P5 | Around the ceiling light, about 4 ft away | 14 | 14 | 0 | Dry |
| Upstairs bathroom — wall behind the tub (tile over backer) — baseline 12: same wall, by the door | |||||
| P6 | Bottom of the wall, at the drain end of the tub | 25 | 12 | +13 | Wet |
| P7 | Bottom of the wall, at the faucet end of the tub | 15 | 12 | +3 | Wet |
| P8 | Bathroom floor, by the door | 13 | 12 | +1 | Dry |
4. Conclusion: the most likely source
Most likely source: the upstairs bathroom, at the drain end of the tub — most likely the drain connection or the seal around it.
How sure we are
- HighThat the water comes from the bathroom above — not from the roof or from a pipe in the ceiling.
Three independent signs point the same way: the thermal pattern widens toward the bathroom wall, the readings rise in that direction, and the wettest point upstairs sits directly above the end of the pattern.
- ModerateThat the exact point is the drain connection, rather than the overflow or a supply line.
The wettest upstairs reading is at the drain end, but the three sit within a few inches of each other and cannot be told apart from the surface.
- HighThat the leak is active.
The stain darkens after showers (your observation), and the readings are well above baseline although the tub was not used for a day.
High = several independent measurements agree · Moderate = the measurements point one way, but another explanation is still possible · Low = one sign only
5. What could not be determined
- Which fitting is leaking — the drain connection, the overflow gasket or a supply line. They sit within a few inches of each other behind the tile; the meter reads about ¾ in deep and cannot separate them. This is settled only when the area is opened — by whoever you choose to open it.
- How long the area has been wet, and whether the framing above the ceiling is affected. A single visit shows the state of the surface on that day.
- Whether a second, smaller source exists. A cold draft from the wall cavity could hide a smaller cool pattern. P4 and P5 read dry, which makes a second source unlikely — not impossible.
- Anything inside the wall or the ceiling. The readings are from the surface; no material was opened.
6. The next step
The report is yours. Hand it to any licensed contractor you choose: the measured points are marked, so an opening can be made once, in the right place. When the area has dried, a repeat visit measures the same points against the same baseline — and the record shows the wet area shrinking.